In a recent study published in JAMA Surgery , researchers investigated whether Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) reduces cardiovascular risk factors independent of calorie restriction and weight loss. Bariatric surgery is more effective than nonsurgical treatment for reducing body weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in people with excessive obesity. It is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and overall mortality.
However, the precise effects of the surgery, calorie restriction, or weight loss are uncertain. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) also reduces cardiovascular risk factors, morbidity, and mortality; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. While some studies reported no changes between RYGB and diet concerning pancreatic beta-cell function, body composition, insulin sensitivity, or glucose parameters, others showed higher improvements in these aspects, the disposition index, and insulin sensitivity after RYGB.
In the present non-randomized controlled trial, researchers evaluated the changes in cardiovascular risk variables over six weeks in obese individuals who underwent either a very low-energy diet (VLED, less than 800 kcal/day) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery along with corresponding caloric restrictions and weight reduction. The researchers conducted the Impact of Body Weight, Low-Calorie Diet, and Gastric Bypass on Drug Bioavailability, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Metabolic Biomarkers (COCKTAIL) study at a clinic providin.
