Study introduces TRACeR-I, a protein platform with broad HLA compatibility, paving the way for advanced immune response engineering and disease-specific targeting. Study: Targeting peptide antigens using a multiallelic MHC I-binding system. Image Credit: Nemes Laszlo / Shutterstock.
com In a recent study published in Nature Biotechnology , researchers describe the molecular structure of targeted recognition of antigen-MHC complex reporter for MHC I (TRACeR-I), a protein platform that can be used to engineer immune responses. Importance of MHC I-peptide presentation In diseased cells, multiple aberrant proteins accumulate over time, including tumor-associated antigens or neoantigens, as well as pathogen-derived antigens, which are ultimately degraded within proteosomes and lysosomes. Some of these antigenic peptide fragments, which are between eight and 12 residues in length, are presented on the cell surface by class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) proteins.
MHC 1 presentation is crucial to the immune response, as it allows innate immune cell-mediated killing of diseased cells and stimulates adaptive immunity. Adaptive immunity allows T-cells to recognize antigens and undergo activation, thereby triggering cell-mediated killing and antibody production. The potential of T-cell receptors T-cell receptors (TCRs) bind to peptide-MHC complexes (pMHC) through a combination of six flexible complementarity-determining region (CDR) loops.
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