In a recent study published in Science Advances , a group of researchers assessed whether dendritic spine head diameter in the temporal cortex is a better predictor of episodic memory performance in older adults than synapse quantity, accounting for β amyloid (Aβ) plaques (Clusters of protein fragments in the brain), neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) (Twisted protein fibers inside brain cells), and sex. Background Episodic memory, essential for recalling personal experiences, declines with age and neurodegenerative diseases, especially due to temporal cortex injury. Dendritic spines, key postsynaptic compartments in the brain, influence synapse strength and are crucial for memory.
Spine loss naturally occurs with aging, particularly in regions vital for memory, and is more strongly associated with memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) (A progressive brain disorder causing memory loss) than Aβ plaques or NFTs. Further research is needed to clarify how specific features of dendritic spines contribute to memory function in aging beyond the effects of natural spine loss and common neurodegenerative pathologies. About the study Postmortem samples of brain areas Brodmann area (BA) 6 and BA37 were obtained from participants in the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP), which includes individuals who enroll without known dementia and agree to annual clinical evaluations and brain donation upon death.
The study was approved by an institutional revie.