Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently reclassified as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. This reclassification underscores the metabolic dysfunction central to the disease, which spans a spectrum from simple steatosis to more severe forms like steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Given the significant overlap between MASLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the therapeutic strategies for MASLD have increasingly focused on addressing metabolic derangements.
Despite its global prevalence, no specific drugs have been approved for MASLD, highlighting an urgent need for effective pharmacological interventions. Antidiabetic agents Given the close association between MASLD and T2DM, antidiabetic medications have been extensively explored as potential therapies. This category includes glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones.
GLP-1 agonists, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, have shown promise in reducing hepatic steatosis and inflammation by lowering body weight and insulin resistance. Tirzepatide, a dual GLP-1/GIP agonist, has demonstrated a substantial reduction in liver fat and inflammation, positioning it as a potential MASLD therapy. However, while these agents improve metabolic parameters, their long-term efficacy in preventing fibrosis progression remains under investigation.
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