New research uncovers over 1,300 genetic loci driving metabolic syndrome, revealing links to brain tissues and offering insights for tailored health strategies across populations. Study: Multivariate genomic analysis of 5 million people elucidates the genetic architecture of shared components of the metabolic syndrome . Image Credit: Lightspring / Shutterstock In a recent study published in the journal Nature Genetics , researchers conducted a large-scale multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Europe, analyzing genetic correlations between MetS components.
They identified 1,650 lead SNPs across 939 genetic loci, of which 1,307 genetic loci were linked to MetS, enriched in brain tissues, and discovered 11 key genes. Among these loci, 82 SNPs were independent of MetS component GWAS results, suggesting unique genetic contributions. The research identified 25 gene sets linked to metabolic syndrome, many of which are involved in neuronal, lipid metabolism, and molecular signaling pathways, expanding the biological understanding of MetS.
Further, they demonstrated that polygenic risk scores (PRS) showed strong predictive power, with individuals in the top decile of the PRS having a 2.21-fold higher risk of developing MetS compared to those in the lowest decile. This was shown in both European and East Asian populations.
Background MetS is a cluster of risk factors, including central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose.