If the thought of scorching beaches and sweaty crowds is enough to put you off booking a holiday altogether this summer, a "coolcation" could be exactly what you need. As heatwaves intensify and wildfires blaze, shade seekers are eschewing Europe's sunniest spots for breezier alternatives. According to a new survey from the European Travel Commission reported in The Guardian , 76% of European travellers are adapting their behaviour to the climate crisis, and 17.

3% are avoiding destinations with extreme temperatures. But escaping the heat doesn't have to be dull. From windswept archipelagos to secluded beaches, these are the very best cooler, quieter destinations in Europe for a memorable summer break.

Edinburgh, Scotland "Scots may grumble about the cold, wet weather over winter," said Amelia Stout in Time Out , but come summer, Scotland is the "perfect oasis" for those seeking a cooler holiday destination. Head to Edinburgh in August and "you won't get too sweaty legging it from one show to the next" during the world-renowned Fringe festival . From the capital, "outdoorsier types" could consider heading north for a weekend of hiking in the Highlands.

Haarlem, Netherlands Amsterdam's quieter neighbour serves "a slice of Dutch cool without the sweaty shoulder brushes of strangers", said Natalie Wilson in The Independent . Known for its hofjes (enclosed courtyard gardens) and pretty cobblestone streets, there are plenty of shady spots to escape the midday sun – and temperatur.