Researchers say this breakthrough could lead to more effective prevention strategies and future therapies. In a recent study published in Alzheimer’s & Dementia , researchers established the serum micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) signature in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). They also investigated miRNAs that could predict the transition from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Background Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline. The identification of AD at advanced stages leads to poor treatment outcomes. Thus, novel diagnostic techniques are required to identify individuals in early-stage MCI (EMCI) or late-stage MCI (LMCI) and predict their conversion to AD.

Current diagnostic tools are invasive and costly. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that control proteostasis at the system level. They are potential minimally invasive and inexpensive biomarkers for AD.

MicroRNAs can affect multiple mRNA targets, act paracrine, and participate in inter-organ communication. Moreover, these molecules are highly stable in cell-free environments and resistant to thaw-freeze cycles, making them logistically desirable in clinical settings. About the study In the present study, researchers investigated the miRNA signatures of early MCI, late MCI, and AD and determined whether the signatures correlate with clinical disease state using established AD biomarkers.

Researchers obtained serum samples from AD Neuroimagi.